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Bioremediation

Bioremediation

Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.

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Maritime Engineering
Ocean Engineering
High Arctic Seawater And Coastal Soil Microbiome Co-occurrence And Composition Structure And Their Potential Hydrocarbon Biodegradation.

Home
Research Domains
Engineering
Maritime Engineering
Ocean Engineering
High Arctic Seawater And Coastal Soil Microbiome Co-occurrence And Composition Structure And Their Potential Hydrocarbon Biodegradation.

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High Arctic seawater and coastal soil microbiome co-occurrence and composition structure and their potential hydrocarbon biodegradation.

Nastasia J Freyria¹, Esteban Góngora¹, Charles W Greer^1,2

¹Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Macdonald Stewart Building, Room MS3-053, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada.

ISME Communications

|August 5, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Arctic microbes in beach sediments can degrade oil, offering natural attenuation. This study identifies key hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, microalgae, and viruses in the Northwest Passage, crucial for pristine environments facing oil spill threats.

Keywords:

Nanopore MinION Northwest Passage bacteria hydrocarbon degradation

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Area of Science:

* Marine microbiology
* Arctic ecology
* Bioremediation

Background:

* Arctic sea ice decline increases access to resources, raising oil spill risks.
* Arctic marine ecosystems are vulnerable to persistent hydrocarbon contamination.
* Microbial roles in Arctic hydrocarbon degradation are poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

* To analyze microbial community structure and hydrocarbon degradation genes in Arctic beach sediments.
* To identify key microbial players involved in oil bioremediation in the Northwest Passage.
* To understand microbial interactions and metabolic capabilities in response to potential oil contamination.

Main Methods:

* Analysis of 16S/18S rRNA genes for microbial community structure.

microbial eukaryotes

polar microbial community

surface seawater

* Long-read metagenomics and metagenome-assembled genomes to identify functional genes.

* Sampling from intertidal beach sediments and shoreline seawater in the high Arctic.

Main Results:

* Microbial communities in Arctic beaches possess hydrocarbon degradation genes.
* *Granulosicoccus* sp. and *Cyclocasticus* sp. identified as major potential hydrocarbon degraders in sediments.
* Microalgae and viruses also possess hydrocarbon biodegradative genes, showing cross-kingdom interactions.

Conclusions:

* Arctic marine microbial communities exhibit natural attenuation capabilities for hydrocarbons.
* Viral and microalgal communities contribute to hydrocarbon degradation in polar environments.
* Findings offer insights into bioremediation potential in cold, pristine Arctic ecosystems threatened by spills.