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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion01:26

Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion

52
Physiological and compartmental models are valuable tools used in studying biological systems. These models rely on differential equations to maintain mass balance within the system, ensuring an accurate representation of the dynamic processes at play.
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.
52
Pharmacokinetic Models: Overview01:20

Pharmacokinetic Models: Overview

629
Pharmacokinetic models utilize mathematical analysis to achieve a detailed quantitative understanding of a drug's life cycle within the body. They are instrumental in simulating a drug's pharmacokinetic parameters, predicting drug concentrations over time, optimizing dosage regimens, linking concentrations with pharmacologic activity, and estimating potential toxicity.
There are three primary types of models: empirical, compartment, and physiological. Empirical models, with minimal...
629
Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Incorporating Hepatic Transporter-Mediated Clearance01:07

Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Incorporating Hepatic Transporter-Mediated Clearance

36
Drug transporters are critical in drug absorption, distribution, and excretion processes. They should be included in physiological-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models, which help predict human drug disposition. However, predicting this is challenging during drug development, especially when liver transport is involved. However, with a realistic representation of body transport processes, an accurate model may be possible.
A recent model describes pravastatin's hepatobiliary excretion,...
36
Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Distributed Parameter Models01:06

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Distributed Parameter Models

66
Pharmacokinetic models are mathematical constructs that represent and predict the time course of drug concentrations in the body, providing meaningful pharmacokinetic parameters. These models are categorized into compartment, physiological, and distributed parameter models.
The distributed parameter models are specifically designed to account for variations and differences in some drug classes. This model is particularly useful for assessing regional concentrations of anticancer or...
66
Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Physiological Models01:15

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Physiological Models

38
Physiological models in pharmacokinetics are instrumental in understanding the distribution and elimination of drugs within the body. These models describe the drug concentration within target organs, influenced by factors such as drug uptake, tissue volume, and blood flow. Drug uptake is governed by the partition coefficient, which signifies the drug concentration ratio in tissue to that in the blood. The blood flow rate to a specific tissue is expressed as Qt, and the rate of change in tissue...
38
Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Assumption with Protein Binding01:13

Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Assumption with Protein Binding

38
Physiological models with protein binding in pharmacokinetics offer a sophisticated approach to understanding drug disposition. These models consider drug-protein interactions, enabling them to effectively predict drug concentrations in different organs and tissues. This precision aids in accurate drug dosing, providing a significant advantage over conventional models. A key process within these models is equilibration, which ensures that drug concentrations achieve a steady state within the...
38

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2025

Segmentation and Measurement of Fat Volumes in Murine Obesity Models Using X-ray Computed Tomography
13:09

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Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling in obesity: applications and challenges.

Ruwei Yang1, Qin Ding1, Junjie Ding2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, The Third XiangyHospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.

Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology
|August 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling helps understand how obesity affects drug response. This approach guides personalized drug dosing for obese patients, improving treatment efficacy and safety.

Keywords:
ObesityPBPKdrug-drug interactionsmodel-informed precision dosingphysiologically-based pharmacokinetics

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Pharmacy
  • Obesity Medicine

Background:

  • Global obesity rates are rising, impacting patient health.
  • Obesity causes physiological changes affecting drug pharmacokinetics and efficacy.
  • Understanding these changes is crucial for safe and effective drug use in obese individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of PBPK modeling in obesity.
  • To explore factors influencing drug pharmacokinetics in obesity.
  • To guide clinical drug development and optimize drug use for obese patients.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PBPK modeling in obesity.
  • Databases searched: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library.
  • Inclusion criteria: studies from inception to October 2023.

Main Results:

  • PBPK models are valuable tools for understanding obesity's impact on pharmacokinetics.
  • These models can predict altered drug exposure and potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs).
  • Current models lack universal indices for optimal dosing in obesity.

Conclusions:

  • Individualized dosing regimens are essential for obese patients.
  • Therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended for highly variable drugs.
  • PBPK modeling offers a promising approach for optimizing drug therapy in obesity.