Prevalence, Clinical Features, Treatment, and Outcomes in Patients With Myocardial Infarction With Non-Obstructive...

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Internal Medicine
• Clinical Research

Background:

• Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is increasingly recognized.
• Understanding MINOCA's characteristics and outcomes is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare clinical and demographic profiles of MINOCA patients versus those with myocardial infarction with obstructive coronary arteries (MIOCA).
• To evaluate treatment patterns and clinical outcomes, including mortality and rehospitalization, in MINOCA versus MIOCA patients.

Main Methods:

• A single-center prospective observational study of 712 acute myocardial infarction patients undergoing coronary angiography.
• Patients were categorized into MINOCA (coronary stenosis <50%) and MIOCA (coronary stenosis ≥50%).
• Clinical outcomes assessed included in-hospital and long-term mortality and cardiovascular rehospitalization over a median 1.5-year follow-up.

Main Results:

• MINOCA was diagnosed in 10.3% of patients, with 50% being women.
• No significant differences in cardiovascular risk factors were observed between MINOCA and MIOCA groups.
• MINOCA patients were less likely to receive standard cardiovascular medications and had higher rates of cardiovascular rehospitalization (33.3% vs. 21.5%).
• In-hospital and long-term mortality were comparable between MINOCA and MIOCA groups.

Conclusions:

• MINOCA represents a significant proportion of acute myocardial infarction cases.
• MINOCA patients share similar risk factors with MIOCA patients but exhibit distinct treatment patterns.
• MINOCA is associated with a comparable mortality risk but a higher risk of cardiovascular rehospitalization compared to MIOCA.