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Multi-omics integration analysis: Tools and applications in environmental toxicology.

Chengcheng Shi1, Lin Cheng2, Ying Yu3

  • 1CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China.

Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|August 5, 2024
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Multi-omics integration offers a powerful approach to understand how environmental pollutants affect biological systems. This method reveals molecular changes, aiding in toxicity assessment and mechanism discovery.

Keywords:
Environmental pollutantsIntegrative toolsMolecular mechanismMulti-omicsToxic effects

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Toxicology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Traditional single-omics studies are insufficient for elucidating pollutant-induced molecular alterations and toxicity.
  • High-throughput sequencing and mass spectrometry enable multi-omics data generation.
  • Multi-omics integration is crucial for understanding complex biological responses to environmental stressors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review sample preparation, integration analysis tools, and applications of multi-omics in environmental toxicology.
  • To highlight the utility of omics methods in detecting early biological responses to pollutants.
  • To provide insights into toxicity effects, target screening, and molecular mechanisms of pollutants.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on multi-omics integration in environmental toxicology.
  • Summary of sample preparation techniques for multi-omics studies.
  • Categorization of bioinformatics tools for multi-omics data integration.

Main Results:

  • Omics methods are sensitive indicators of early biological responses, particularly for low-dose, long-term pollutant exposure.
  • Integrative omics analyses reveal comprehensive changes in genes, proteins, and metabolites.
  • This approach enhances the understanding of holistic toxicity effects and pollutant mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Multi-omics integration is an efficient strategy for uncovering biological mechanisms and regulatory networks in environmental toxicology.
  • It provides novel insights into toxicity effects, toxic target screening, and pollutant molecular mechanisms.
  • This approach is essential for advancing environmental health research and risk assessment.