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The mechanism of low molecular weight fucoidan-incorporated nanofiber scaffolds inhibiting oral leukoplakia via SR-A/Wnt signal axis

  • 0Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Frontiers in Pharmacology +

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August 6, 2024

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August 6, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Low molecular weight fucoidan (LMWF) shows promise for treating oral leukoplakia (OLK). Nanofiber membranes effectively deliver LMWF to target lesions, inhibiting precancerous cell growth and migration.

Area Of Science

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Oral Oncology
  • Nanotechnology

Background

  • Oral leukoplakia (OLK) is the most common oral precancerous lesion, with a significant progression rate to oral squamous cell carcinoma.
  • Current treatments for OLK are limited, often associated with side effects, and recurrence is common.
  • Scavenger receptor A (SR-A) is identified as abnormally expressed in OLK oral mucosal epithelial cells.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To investigate the therapeutic potential of low molecular weight fucoidan (LMWF) for oral leukoplakia (OLK).
  • To develop and optimize a drug delivery system for localized OLK treatment.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying LMWF's anti-OLK effects.

Main Methods

  • Molecular biology techniques to study LMWF's effect on dysplastic oral keratinocytes (DOK) and the SR-A/Wnt signaling axis.
  • Fabrication of LMWF-loaded poly(caprolactone-co-lactide) nanofiber membranes using electrospinning.
  • Evaluation of different nanofiber structures for physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and therapeutic efficacy in OLK treatment.

Main Results

  • LMWF demonstrated pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects on DOK, inhibiting their growth and migration.
  • LMWF's therapeutic action was linked to the regulation of the SR-A/Wnt signaling pathway.
  • Shell-core structured nanofiber membranes exhibited superior physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and therapeutic outcomes for in-situ OLK treatment.

Conclusions

  • LMWF shows significant potential for treating OLK by targeting the SR-A/Wnt axis.
  • Electrospun LMWF/poly(caprolactone-co-lactide) nanofiber membranes provide an effective localized drug delivery system for OLK.
  • The developed nanofiber membranes offer a promising strategy for precise, in-situ treatment of oral precancerous lesions, potentially inhibiting OLK progression.

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