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Orthopaedic Injury Patterns in Intimate Partner Violence: Defensive Wounds and Fracture Patterns: A Systematic
Roan Willson1, Erika Roddy1, Holly Martinson2
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
JBJS Reviews
|August 6, 2024
Summary
Intimate partner violence (IPV) often causes musculoskeletal injuries, particularly upper extremity fractures. Identifying patterns in these fractures, like multiple chronic fractures, can help detect IPV victims.
Area of Science:
- Orthopaedic surgery
- Public health
- Trauma research
Background:
- Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health issue in the US.
- Musculoskeletal injuries, including fractures, are common in IPV cases, presenting an opportunity for intervention.
- Orthopaedic surgeons are uniquely positioned to identify and assist IPV victims.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and identify patterns in musculoskeletal injuries associated with IPV.
- To enhance the identification of IPV victims by healthcare providers.
- To provide objective criteria for recognizing IPV-related orthopaedic trauma.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science.
- Inclusion of cohort studies and literature reviews focusing on IPV-associated orthopaedic injuries.
- Exclusion of case studies, perspective articles, pre-2003 material, and studies on pediatric or elderly populations.
Main Results:
- Musculoskeletal injuries are the second most common injury type in IPV.
- Upper extremity fractures, especially minimally displaced phalangeal fractures, are prevalent.
- Multiple fractures of varying chronicity and isolated ulnar fractures significantly correlate with IPV.
- Male victims show a higher incidence of lower extremity and pelvic fractures.
Conclusions:
- This review synthesizes evidence on IPV-related orthopaedic injuries, aiding in victim identification.
- Objective criteria derived from injury patterns can assist physicians in recognizing IPV.
- Further research into specific injury patterns is recommended due to ongoing IPV prevalence and screening challenges.
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