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Micronutrients and Allergic Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Long Changhai1, Wu Zaichun2, Yang Bo2

  • 1Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China, longchanghai1993@163.com.

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology
|August 6, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Higher serum phosphorus and zinc may lower the risk of allergic asthma. Increased zinc may reduce atopic dermatitis risk, while vitamin C may increase it. Phosphorus and selenium may lower allergic rhinitis risk.

Keywords:
Allergic diseasesCausal risk factorsDietMendelian randomizationMicronutrients

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional epidemiology
  • Genetic epidemiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Controversy exists regarding the link between dietary micronutrients and allergic disease risk.
  • Mendelian randomization (MR) offers a robust approach to investigate causal relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal effect of circulating micronutrient concentrations on allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis.
  • To leverage MR analysis for reliable estimation of micronutrient-allergy associations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized MR analysis with 16 circulating micronutrients as exposures and three allergic diseases (allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis) as outcomes.
  • Employed inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted-median methods for primary and sensitivity analyses.
  • Conducted sensitivity analyses to ensure the validity of MR assumptions.

Main Results:

  • Increased serum phosphorus and zinc concentrations were associated with a reduced risk of allergic asthma.
  • Increased serum zinc concentration was linked to lower atopic dermatitis risk, whereas increased vitamin C was associated with higher risk.
  • Elevated serum phosphorus and selenium concentrations showed a reduced risk of allergic rhinitis.

Conclusions:

  • Serum phosphorus and zinc may play protective roles in allergic asthma.
  • Serum zinc shows potential protective effects against atopic dermatitis, while vitamin C may increase its risk.
  • Serum phosphorus and selenium appear to be associated with a decreased risk of allergic rhinitis, warranting further investigation.