Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

2.0K
Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
2.0K
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

406
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
406
Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors01:30

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

569
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a vital component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, is abundant in lung endothelial cells. ACE converts the inactive decapeptide, angiotensin I, into the active octapeptide, angiotensin II. This potent vasoconstrictor narrows blood vessels, increasing resistance to blood flow and elevating blood pressure. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone production, encouraging kidney cells to reabsorb more sodium and water from urine, thereby increasing...
569
Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors01:25

Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors

517
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
517
Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics01:28

Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

488
Liddle syndrome is a genetically inherited form of hypertension characterized by the overactivity of epithelial sodium channels in the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney. This heightened activity leads to increased sodium reabsorption and excessive excretion of potassium. To counteract this, potassium-sparing diuretics such as amiloride are used. They function by blocking these sodium channels, thereby reducing the influx of sodium into the epithelial cells and minimizing the loss of...
488
Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Diuretics01:16

Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Diuretics

642
Diuretics are antihypertensive drugs used to treat hypertension resulting from sodium and water retention. Sodium, vital for fluid balance and nerve or muscle function, is regulated by the kidneys through millions of nephrons. Blood enters nephrons via afferent arterioles, which branch into capillaries called glomeruli. These filter blood plasma, allowing water and solutes, like sodium ions, to pass through capillary walls into Bowman's capsule. The filtrate then flows through various...
642

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evidence-Based Frameworks Increase Engagement in Serious Illness Communication Conversations for Patients With Cirrhosis.

The American journal of hospice & palliative care·2026
Same author

Serum Total CO2 of <22 mmol/l vs <18 mmol/l is an Appropriate Intervention Threshold in CKD Patients: PRO.

Kidney360·2026
Same author

Corrigendum to "Establishing a training plan and estimating inter-rater reliability across the multi-site Texas Childhood Trauma Research Network" [Psychiatry Research 323 (2023) 115168].

Psychiatry research·2026
Same author

Improved Fruit and Vegetable Access to Reduce Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Kidney Health.

Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation·2026
Same author

Addressing the Threat to Kidney Health from Modern Diets: Need for a Societal Approach.

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·2026
Same author

High Fat Intake: A Dietary Consideration for Uric Acid Nephrolithiasis?

Kidney international reports·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2025

A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis
08:21

A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis

Published on: October 26, 2020

4.7K

Kidney and Cardiovascular Protection Using Dietary Acid Reduction in Primary Hypertension: A Five-Year,

Nimrit Goraya1, Nicolaos E Madias2, Jan Simoni3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor Scott and White Health, Temple, Tex; Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center College of Medicine, Temple.

The American Journal of Medicine
|August 6, 2024
PubMed
Summary

High fruit and vegetable diets and sodium bicarbonate lower dietary acid, reducing chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease risk. Fruits and vegetables were more effective than sodium bicarbonate in improving blood pressure and cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients.

Keywords:
AcidAlbuminuriaBicarbonateChronic kidney diseaseDietHypertension

More Related Videos

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

16.2K
A Mouse 5/6th Nephrectomy Model That Induces Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy
07:52

A Mouse 5/6th Nephrectomy Model That Induces Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy

Published on: November 7, 2017

20.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2025

A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis
08:21

A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis

Published on: October 26, 2020

4.7K
Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

16.2K
A Mouse 5/6th Nephrectomy Model That Induces Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy
07:52

A Mouse 5/6th Nephrectomy Model That Induces Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy

Published on: November 7, 2017

20.4K

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • High fruit and vegetable intake is linked to reduced chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
  • Low-acid diets, including those rich in fruits and vegetables or supplemented with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), are associated with improved CKD and CVD outcomes.
  • Despite these benefits, fruit and vegetable consumption is not a common component of hypertension management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of fruit and vegetable consumption versus oral sodium bicarbonate in managing hypertension.
  • To assess the impact of these interventions on chronic kidney disease progression and cardiovascular disease risk indices over five years.
  • To determine if fruits and vegetables can serve as a foundational element in hypertension treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized trial involving 153 hypertensive patients with macroalbuminuria was conducted.
  • Participants received either a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, oral sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), or Usual Care.
  • Kidney disease progression and cardiovascular disease risk markers were monitored over a five-year period.

Main Results:

  • Both fruit/vegetable and NaHCO3 interventions slowed chronic kidney disease progression compared to Usual Care.
  • Patients consuming fruits and vegetables exhibited greater improvements in systolic blood pressure and cardiovascular disease risk indices than those receiving NaHCO3 or Usual Care.
  • These cardiovascular benefits were observed even with reduced dosages of standard CKD and CVD protective medications.

Conclusions:

  • The study supports the integration of fruits and vegetables as a primary treatment strategy for hypertension.
  • Dietary interventions with fruits and vegetables can effectively reduce chronic kidney disease progression and cardiovascular disease risk.
  • This approach offers a promising, foundational strategy for managing hypertension and its associated complications.