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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

427
Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
427
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

601
Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
601

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2025

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery
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Multilevel thoracic spinal epidural angiolipoma.

Dewa Putu Wisnu Wardhana1, Christopher Lauren2, Rohadi Muhammad Rosyidi3

  • 1Department of Surgery, Neurosurgery Division, Universitas Udayana, Academic Hospital of Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia.

Surgical Neurology International
|August 7, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Spinal epidural angiolipomas (SEALs) are rare tumors. Surgical resection via laminectomy is the gold standard treatment for these benign thoracic spine lesions.

Keywords:
Epidural angiolipomaIntrathoracicNeurosurgeryOncologySpine

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Spinal Oncology

Background:

  • Spinal epidural angiolipomas (SEALs) are rare, benign tumors.
  • They comprise mature adipose tissue and abnormal blood vessels.
  • SEALs typically occur in the mid-thoracic dorsal extradural region, accounting for 0.04-1.2% of spinal tumors.

Observation:

  • A 52-year-old female presented with mid-thoracic pain and paraparesis.
  • MRI revealed a T7-T10 dorsal epidural mass.
  • The mass measured 6 × 2 × 0.5 cm.

Findings:

  • Gross total resection was achieved via laminectomy.
  • The tumor consisted of mature adipose tissue and abnormal blood vessels.
  • Postoperative recovery showed complete resolution of motor deficits within 6 months.

Implications:

  • SEALs are rare extradural dorsal thoracic spine tumors.
  • MRI is effective for diagnosis.
  • Complete resection through laminectomy is the definitive treatment.