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  11. Back(s) To Basics: The Concept Of Backing In Stone Tool Technologies For Tracing Hominins' Technical Innovations.
  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Engineering
  7. Materials Engineering
  9. Wearable Materials
  11. Back(s) To Basics: The Concept Of Backing In Stone Tool Technologies For Tracing Hominins' Technical Innovations.

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Back(s) to basics: The concept of backing in stone tool technologies for tracing hominins' technical innovations.

Davide Delpiano1, Brad Gravina2,3, Marco Peresani1,4

  • 1Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici, Sezione di Scienze Preistoriche e Antropologiche, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.

Evolutionary Anthropology
|August 7, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The study reviews the emergence of backed stone tools during the Paleolithic era. These tools, often linked to modern behavior, evolved alongside hafting and ergonomic advancements in stone tool use.

Keywords:
LevalloisPaleolithicdiscoidalergonomics

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Area of Science:

  • Paleolithic Archaeology
  • Lithic Technology
  • Human Evolution

Background:

  • Stone tool technologies evolved gradually, with backed tools marking a significant step.
  • The emergence of retouched-backed tools is considered by some as a proxy for "modern" behavior.
  • Backed tools appeared early and developed alongside major changes in Middle-Upper Pleistocene stone tool technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review of the emergence and development of the "backing" concept in stone tools.
  • To discuss the relationship between backing, hafting, and ergonomic advancements in stone tool use.
  • To explore potential mechanisms for the context-specific re-invention of backing techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and archaeological data on Paleolithic stone tools.
hafting
technical innovations
tool backing
  • Analysis of chrono-cultural contexts for the emergence and development of backing.
  • Discussion of functional and ergonomic aspects of stone tool use, including hafting.

    • Main Results:

    • Backed tools emerged early and co-evolved with significant technological shifts in the Middle-Upper Pleistocene.
    • The concept of backing is linked to the development of hafting and improved ergonomics in stone tool use.
    • Evidence suggests context-specific re-invention of backing, particularly from the late Middle Paleolithic of Western Europe.

    Conclusions:

    • Backed tools represent a key evolutionary step in Paleolithic lithic technology, not solely a marker of "modern" behavior.
    • The development of backing is intertwined with functional innovations like hafting and ergonomic considerations.
    • Understanding the re-invention of backing provides insights into cognitive and technological adaptability in early humans.