Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

32
Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
32

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Harmonization of slice thickness through resampling improves comparability of MRI-derived neonatal brain volumes.

Frontiers in radiology·2026
Same author

Establishing a Vocabulary for Skin Quality: Working Toward Consensus Skin Attribute Definitions From the Patient and Physician Perspective.

Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]·2026
Same author

Towards improved decision making of unruptured intracranial aneurysms using automated segmentation from MRA-TOF with iterative pseudo labeling.

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology·2026
Same author

Inflammatory markers (IL-6 and CRP) in childhood and their association with brain structure and psychotic experiences in adulthood.

Brain, behavior, and immunity·2026
Same author

Implicit neural representations for accurate estimation of the Standard Model of white matter.

Communications biology·2025
Same author

Transforming Pediatric Movement Disorders Assessment: From Expert Consensus to Collaborative Approaches.

Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging
17:06

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

Published on: November 8, 2012

26.2K

White Matter Microstructural Changes Using Ultra-Strong Diffusion Gradient MRI in Adult-Onset Idiopathic Focal

Claire L MacIver1, Derek Jones1, Katy Green1

  • 1From the Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (C.L.M., D.J., K.G., A.D., C.M.W.T.), Cardiff University; Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute (C.L.M., K.J.P.), Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine; North Bristol NHS Trust (K.S.-K.), United Kingdom; and Image Sciences Institute (C.M.W.T.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Neurology
|August 7, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Adult-onset idiopathic focal cervical dystonia (AOIFCD) involves abnormal head posture and tremor. This study found localized white matter differences in motor pathways, suggesting microstructural abnormalities in AOIFCD.

More Related Videos

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
09:33

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Published on: July 28, 2013

28.4K
Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Spinal Cord Compression
07:00

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Spinal Cord Compression

Published on: May 7, 2019

8.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging
17:06

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

Published on: November 8, 2012

26.2K
Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
09:33

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Published on: July 28, 2013

28.4K
Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Spinal Cord Compression
07:00

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Spinal Cord Compression

Published on: May 7, 2019

8.9K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Adult-onset idiopathic focal cervical dystonia (AOIFCD) is characterized by abnormal neck muscle posturing, sometimes with head tremor.
  • Previous neuroimaging studies suggest involvement of motor networks but lack specificity.
  • There is a need to identify localized microstructural differences in white matter motor pathways to understand AOIFCD pathophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess white matter motor pathways for localized, microstructural differences in individuals with AOIFCD.
  • To correlate these microstructural differences with clinical measures of dystonia, psychiatric symptoms, sleep quality, pain, and cognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective recruitment of individuals with AOIFCD and age/sex-matched controls.
  • High-resolution MRI including diffusion sequences (DKI, NODDI) and tractography.
  • Tractometry analysis of key white matter motor pathways, comparing groups using linear models with Bonferroni correction.

Main Results:

  • Significant microstructural differences were found in the anterior thalamic radiations, thalamopremotor, and striatopremotor tracts in individuals with AOIFCD compared to controls.
  • Specific measures like fractional anisotropy, radial kurtosis, orientation dispersion index (ODI), and neurite density index showed significant alterations.
  • These microstructural changes correlated significantly with dystonia duration, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, sleep quality, pain, and cognitive performance.

Conclusions:

  • Localized microstructural differences exist within white matter tracts connecting prefrontal, premotor, thalamic, and basal ganglia regions in AOIFCD.
  • These findings suggest that pathophysiological processes in AOIFCD involve microstructural aberrations in motor system modulatory pathways.
  • Particular emphasis is placed on intra-axonal measures and fiber orientation dispersion as key indicators of these abnormalities.