Optimizing the fucoidan extraction using Box-Behnken Design and its potential bioactivity

Area of Science:

• Marine Biotechnology
• Natural Product Chemistry
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide from brown seaweeds, possesses significant biological activities.
• Optimizing fucoidan extraction is crucial for maximizing its yield and efficacy for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To optimize fucoidan extraction from Turbinaria turbinata using a Box-Behnken Design (BBD).
• To evaluate the biological activities of fucoidan extracted from different brown seaweed species.

Main Methods:

• Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was employed to optimize pH, temperature, and extraction duration for fucoidan extraction.
• Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used for characterization.
• Assays were conducted to assess antioxidant, antitumor, antimicrobial, and anticoagulant activities.

Main Results:

• Optimized extraction parameters were pH 3.44, 82.26°C, and 60 min, maximizing fucoidan yield and sulfate content.
• Padina pavonica yielded the highest fucoidan (40.76 ± 4.04% DW).
• Fucoidan from Dictyota dichotoma and Sargassum cinereum exhibited the highest antioxidant, anticancer, and anticoagulant activities, correlated with higher sulfate content.

Conclusions:

• Optimized extraction significantly enhances fucoidan yield and sulfate content.
• Fucoidan displays potent antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, and anticoagulant properties.
• These findings support the potential of fucoidan in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.