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[Kleine-Levin syndrome].

M Y Maksimova1, Y A Kotlyar1, S S Potanin2

  • 1Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia.

Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
|August 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) is a rare disorder causing sleepiness, increased appetite, and behavioral changes, often misdiagnosed. Early diagnosis and awareness are crucial for affected adolescents.

Keywords:
Klein—Levin syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive sleepiness, cognitive, and behavioral changes.
  • KLS predominantly affects adolescent males and is often misdiagnosed due to a lack of physician awareness.
  • Symptoms include hypersomnolence, increased appetite, and psychopathological manifestations like agitation, hallucinations, and hypersexuality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present current data on the etiology, clinical presentation, and diagnostic approaches for Kleine-Levin syndrome.
  • To highlight the importance of accurate diagnosis and management of KLS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent findings on KLS.
  • Case presentation of an 18-year-old male with KLS manifesting at age 16.

Main Results:

  • KLS episodes can last days to weeks, with forced awakenings potentially triggering aggression.
  • Misdiagnosis as a psychiatric disorder is common due to unfamiliarity with KLS symptoms.
  • The case illustrates the typical onset and presentation of KLS in adolescence.

Conclusions:

  • Increased awareness and understanding of KLS among healthcare professionals are essential for timely and accurate diagnosis.
  • Further research into the causes and effective treatments for KLS is warranted.