Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2025

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

11.3K

Preterm birth and risk of hospitalisation for complex chronic conditions during childhood and adolescence

Gabriel Côté-Corriveau1,2,3, Juliette St-Georges4, Thuy Mai Luu2

  • 1Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|August 8, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Preterm birth significantly increases the risk of hospitalization for complex chronic conditions in children up to age 16. These findings highlight the need for enhanced pediatric care for preterm infants throughout childhood.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Neonatalogy
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Preterm birth is a major global health concern.
  • Children born preterm are at higher risk for long-term health issues.
  • Understanding the specific risks of complex chronic conditions is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between preterm birth and subsequent hospitalisation for paediatric complex chronic conditions.
  • To quantify the risk across different degrees of prematurity and types of chronic disorders.

Main Methods:

  • A large cohort study of 1,269,745 children born in Quebec, Canada (2006-2022).
  • Classification of preterm birth: extreme (<28 weeks), very (28-31 weeks), and moderate (32-36 weeks).
  • Analysis of hospitalisation for 11 categories of complex chronic conditions up to age 16, using adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Main Results:

  • Hospitalisation rates for complex chronic conditions were substantially higher in preterm infants (6.88 per 1000 person-years) compared to term infants (2.24 per 1000 person-years).
  • Preterm birth was linked to all studied complex chronic conditions, with the highest risks for respiratory (HR 4.64), cardiovascular (HR 3.68), and neurologic disorders (HR 3.48).
  • Increased risk was observed across all ages and degrees of prematurity, most pronounced in extremely preterm infants.

Conclusions:

  • Preterm birth is a significant risk factor for hospitalisation due to complex chronic conditions extending into adolescence.
  • Preterm children require ongoing, enhanced medical care throughout childhood and adolescence to manage these risks.
  • These findings underscore the importance of long-term follow-up and support for individuals born prematurely.
Abstract

Keywords:
child healthchronic diseaselongitudinal studiesmorbiditypremature birth

More Related Videos

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

85.9K
A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis06:19

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis

Published on: January 7, 2018

10.3K

Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
50
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
911
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.3K
Socioemotional Development during Infancy01:30

Socioemotional Development during Infancy

Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
52
Nature and Nurture01:10

Nature and Nurture

Many human characteristics, like height, are shaped by both nature—in other words, by our genes—and by nurture, or our environment. For example, chronic stress during childhood inhibits the production of growth hormones and consequently reduces bone growth and height. Scientists estimate that 70-90% of variation in height is due to genetic differences among individuals, and 10-30% of variation in height is due to differences in the environments that individuals experience,...
20.4K
Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
2.4K