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Updated: Jun 17, 2025

Integrated Compensatory Responses in a Human Model of Hemorrhage
Published on: November 20, 2016
Belonging, Affirmation, Safety, and Efficacy (BASE): An Integrative Model for Shame Resilience, Social Support, and
Gulmira Amangalieva1, Rebecca K Ivic-Britt1, Heather J Carmack2
1College of Communication and Information Sciences, The University of Alabama.
Abstract:
The present study sought to understand how participants in r/hemorrhoid used three coping strategies to improve their health and wellbeing. Drawing upon Shame Resilience Theory (SRT), the typology of social support, and the classification of humor styles, a theory-driven approach to qualitative analysis resulted in the identification of the following themes: Belongingness (building authentic connections with others), Affirmation (asserting the value of own experiences), Safety (feeling able to express emotions and needs), and Efficacy (exchanging information and advice for recovery). The study presents a coping model (BASE) that can inform research on communication patterns in contexts beyond other health conditions. Practical implications are derived from users' psychological distress and their reliance on diagnostics and treatment advice from peers, offering directions for supporting individuals with hemorrhoids.
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