[Healthcare 4.0-Medicine in transition]

Healthcare 4.0 describes the future transformation of the healthcare sector driven by the combination of digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), big data and the Internet of Medical Things, enabling the advancement of precision medicine. This overview article addresses various areas such as large language models (LLM), diagnostics and robotics, shedding light on the positive aspects of Healthcare 4.0 and showcasing exciting methods and application examples in cardiology. It delves into the broad knowledge base and enormous potential of LLMs, highlighting their immediate benefits as digital assistants or for administrative tasks. In diagnostics, the increasing usefulness of wearables is emphasized and an AI for predicting heart filling pressures based on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is introduced. Additionally, it discusses the revolutionary methodology of a digital simulation of the physical heart (digital twin). Finally, it addresses both regulatory frameworks and a brief vision of data-driven healthcare delivery, explaining the need for investments in technical personnel and infrastructure to achieve a more effective medicine.