Design and validation of the ADNI MR protocol
Arvin Arani1, Bret Borowski1, John Felmlee1
1Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Abstract:
Phase four of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI4) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols aim to maintain longitudinal consistency across two decades of data acquisition, while adopting new technologies. Here we describe and justify the study's design and targeted biomarkers. The ADNI4 MRI protocol includes nine MRI sequences. Some sequences require the latest hardware and software system upgrades and are continuously rolled out as they become available at each site. The main sequence additions/changes in ADNI4 are: (1) compressed sensing (CS) T1-weighting, (2) pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (ASL) on all three vendors (GE, Siemens, Philips), (3) multiple-post-labeling-delay ASL, (4) 1 mm3 isotropic 3D fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, and (5) CS 3D T2-weighted. ADNI4 aims to help the neuroimaging community extract valuable imaging biomarkers and provide a database to test the impact of advanced imaging strategies on diagnostic accuracy and disease sensitivity among individuals lying on the cognitively normal to impaired spectrum. HIGHLIGHTS: A summary of MRI protocols for phase four of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI 4). The design and justification for the ADNI 4 MRI protocols. Compressed sensing and multi-band advances have been applied to improve scan time. ADNI4 protocols aim to streamline safety screening and therapy monitoring. The ADNI4 database will be a valuable test bed for academic research.
Insights
The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI4) MRI protocol updates ensure long-term data consistency while incorporating new technologies like compressed sensing for improved Alzheimer's disease research.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimaging
- Alzheimer's Disease Research
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Longitudinal consistency in Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data is crucial for tracking disease progression over two decades.
- Advancements in MRI technology necessitate protocol updates to maintain data integrity and incorporate novel imaging techniques.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe and justify the updated MRI protocols for phase four of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI4).
- To introduce new MRI sequences and technologies aimed at enhancing data acquisition and biomarker extraction.
- To provide a robust database for testing advanced imaging strategies in Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and monitoring.
Main Methods:
- Implementation of nine MRI sequences in the ADNI4 protocol, including updates for hardware and software compatibility.
- Introduction of key sequence additions/changes: compressed sensing (CS) T1-weighting, pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (ASL) across vendors, multiple-post-labeling-delay ASL, 1 mm³ isotropic 3D fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, and CS 3D T2-weighted imaging.
- Continuous rollout of sequences as site-specific upgrades become available.
Main Results:
- The ADNI4 protocol incorporates advanced techniques like compressed sensing and multi-band imaging to potentially reduce scan times.
- New sequences are designed to yield valuable imaging biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease.
- Protocols are being streamlined for safety screening and therapy monitoring.
Conclusions:
- The ADNI4 MRI protocols are designed to maintain longitudinal data consistency while integrating cutting-edge neuroimaging technologies.
- These updated protocols will facilitate the extraction of critical imaging biomarkers.
- The ADNI4 database will serve as an essential resource for the neuroimaging community to validate advanced imaging strategies and improve diagnostic accuracy across the Alzheimer's disease spectrum.
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