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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
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Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2025

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
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[Anorectal melanoma: Clinical case].

Marco Alexis De la Mora-Romero1, Enrique Salazar-Rios1, Emericella Renee Roldán-Medellín2

  • 1Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez", Servicio de Cirugía de Colon y Recto. Ciudad de México, México.

Revista Medica Del Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social
|August 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Anorectal melanoma (AM) is a rare cancer that is difficult to diagnose preoperatively. Early detection and surgical removal are key for improving patient survival rates.

Keywords:
Anus NeoplasmsColorectal SurgeryHemorrhoidectomyMelanoma

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Anorectal melanoma (AM) is a rare, aggressive malignancy, accounting for 1.3% of all melanomas.
  • AM presents diagnostic challenges due to its rarity and similarity to benign anorectal conditions, leading to frequent misdiagnoses.
  • Amelanotic AM, occurring in 20-30% of cases, further complicates endoscopic detection.

Observation:

  • A case study of a 50-year-old woman presenting with rectal bleeding and proctalgia.
  • Diagnosis of AM was confirmed via colonoscopy.
  • Treatment involved transanal resection with hemorrhoidectomy.

Findings:

  • Histological examination and immunohistochemical staining are crucial for definitive AM diagnosis.
  • Colonoscopy aids in lesion characterization.
  • Management strategies for AM lack standardization due to limited clinical trials.

Implications:

  • Further research is essential to establish standardized treatment protocols for anorectal melanoma.
  • Early detection and complete surgical resection are critical for improving patient outcomes and survival.
  • Understanding unique risk factors for AM, distinct from cutaneous melanoma, is needed.