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Fly ash application impacts master physicochemical pedovariables: A multilevel meta-analysis.
Jelena Horvatinec1, Jacek Buczny2, Gabrijel Ondrasek1
1Department of Soil Amelioration, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia.
Journal of Environmental Management
|August 8, 2024
Summary
Fly ash (FA) application improves soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and water holding capacity (WHC), while reducing bulk density (BD). Optimal results depend on FA dosage, soil type, and land use for sustainable soil management.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Soil Science
- Waste Management
Background:
- Fly ash (FA) is an alkaline, hazardous waste with potential for soil amelioration.
- Key soil properties influenced by FA include pH, electrical conductivity (EC), water holding capacity (WHC), and bulk density (BD).
- Understanding FA's impact on these pedovariables is crucial for sustainable soil management and waste reduction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a multilevel meta-analysis on the effects of fly ash application on soil properties.
- To investigate the moderating effects of experimental type, FA application rate, soil type, and land use.
- To determine optimal conditions for FA application to enhance soil health and mitigate constraints.
Main Methods:
- A multilevel meta-analysis of 30 studies (from 1325 screened) using a random effect model.
- Two meta-analytical approaches were employed: uni-moderator (separate moderators) and multi-moderator (combined moderators).
- Moderators included experimental type, FA application rate, soil type, and land use.
Main Results:
- FA application significantly increased soil pH (15.4%), EC (51.7%), and WHC (22.6%), and reduced BD (13.5%).
- Uni-moderator analysis showed significant pH and EC increases with lower FA dosages (≤20%), positive impacts in acidic soils, and negative in alkaline.
- Multi-moderator analysis identified significant interactions between FA dosage and land use, and between FA dosage and soil type.
Conclusions:
- Fly ash has positive implications for key soil properties, offering potential for sustainable soil management.
- Careful consideration of FA dosage, soil type, and land use is essential for optimizing benefits and preventing adverse effects.
- FA recycling can contribute to waste reduction and mitigate widespread soil constraints.
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