Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 17, 2025

Measurement of the Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient and Transjugular Liver Biopsy
Published on: June 18, 2020
[Serum hyperviscosity syndrome: Update 2024]
Pierre-Edouard Debureaux1, Nathalie Parquet2, Anne C Brignier2
1Service immuno-hématologie, hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, institut de recherche Saint-Louis, Inserm U1160, Paris, France.
Abstract:
Seric hyperviscosity syndrome is a medical emergency linked to hyperproteinemia. The clinical diagnosis hinges on a triad of symptoms: mucosal hemorrhages, visual disturbances, and neurological disorders, observed in the most severe cases. Diagnosis is swiftly confirmed through an urgent fundoscopic examination. Therapeutic plasma exchange is the primary treatment for severe cases or following confirmation by fundoscopy. Laboratory tests predominantly identify the syndrome's etiology, with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (characterized by a marked IgM peak) being the most common cause, followed by multiple myeloma and cryoglobulinemias. To prevent recurrence, targeted treatment of the underlying cause is implemented following plasma exchange sessions.
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