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Paeonol alleviates ulcerative colitis by modulating PPAR-γ and nuclear factor-κB activation.

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Paeonol treats ulcerative colitis (UC) by activating PPARγ, which inhibits the NF-κB pathway. This reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, improving gut health in a colitis model.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal disease.
  • Paeonol exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but its mechanism in UC is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of paeonol in treating ulcerative colitis.
  • To investigate paeonol's effects on the NF-κB signaling pathway and PPARγ expression.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro studies using NCM460 and RAW264.7 cells.
  • In vivo studies utilizing a DSS-induced mice colitis model.
  • Assessment of NF-κB activation, PPARγ expression, cytokine levels, reactive oxygen species, and macrophage polarization.

Main Results:

  • Paeonol inhibited NF-κB activation by upregulating PPARγ expression in vitro.
  • Paeonol reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, and promoted M2 macrophage polarization.
  • In vivo, paeonol treatment increased PPARγ expression, reduced inflammation, apoptosis, and preserved intestinal barrier integrity in UC mice.

Conclusions:

  • Paeonol ameliorates DSS-induced colitis by activating PPARγ and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway.
  • Paeonol exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, improving intestinal barrier function.
  • This study offers novel insights into paeonol's therapeutic mechanisms for ulcerative colitis.