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Insulin dependent diabetes in under 5 year olds
Archives of Disease in Childhood
|December 1, 1985
Summary
Type 1 diabetes in very young children (under 5) has unique patterns. This age group shows increased incidence, male predominance, and distinct seasonal variations compared to older children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Diabetes Mellitus Research
- Child Health
Background:
- Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (Type 1 diabetes) presents differently in children under five years old compared to older children.
- Understanding these differences is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the clinical and management features of diabetes diagnosed in children aged 0-4 years versus those diagnosed between 5-9 years.
- To highlight the unique characteristics of early-onset Type 1 diabetes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of children attending the Oxford children's diabetes clinic.
- Comparison of two age groups: diagnosed 0-4 years and diagnosed 5-9 years.
Main Results:
- Incidence rates: 9.9/100,000 for ages 0-4 vs. 13.8/100,000 for ages 5-9.
- Children diagnosed under 5 represent 8% of the clinic population but 41% of those under 15.
- Increased incidence over 10 years, male predominance (1.5:1), and unusual seasonal variation (autumn/winter trough, late winter/spring peak).
- Positive family history in 16% (under 5) vs. 10% (5-9); mothers were not affected relatives.
Conclusions:
- Type 1 diabetes in children under five has distinct epidemiological and clinical features.
- These differences necessitate tailored approaches in diagnosis and care for this specific pediatric population.
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