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Osmoregulation in Fishes

When cells are placed in a hypotonic (low-salt) fluid, they can swell and burst. Meanwhile, cells in a hypertonic solution—with a higher salt concentration—can shrivel and die. How do fish cells avoid these gruesome fates in hypotonic freshwater or hypertonic seawater environments?

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

Micromanipulation of Gene Expression in the Adult Zebrafish Brain Using Cerebroventricular Microinjection of Morpholino Oligonucleotides
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Neural Stem Cell Regulation in Zebrafish.

Tanya Foley1, Melina Thetiot1, Laure Bally-Cuif1

  • 1Zebrafish Neurogenetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3738, Paris, France; email: tanya.foley@pasteur.fr, melina.thetiot@pasteur.fr, laure.bally-cuif@pasteur.fr.

Annual Review of Genetics
|August 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Adult zebrafish neural stem cells (NSCs) are key for generating new neurons and glial cells. Their extensive populations and regenerative capacity make zebrafish a powerful model for studying NSC properties in the brain.

Keywords:
Notchadult neurogenesisneural stem cellradial gliazebrafish

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Neural stem cells (NSCs) are defined by self-renewal and differentiation potential.
  • While present in embryonic systems, NSCs are classically associated with adult progenitor cells.
  • The adult zebrafish brain harbors extensive NSC populations with high neurogenic activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and characterize neural stem cells in the adult zebrafish brain.
  • To focus on the telencephalon, particularly the pallium, as a primary domain for NSC study.
  • To utilize the zebrafish model for mechanistic dissection of NSC properties.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on zebrafish NSCs.
  • Comparative analysis with embryonic neural progenitors and mouse adult brain systems.
  • Focus on neurogenic activity and regenerative potential within the zebrafish telencephalon.

Main Results:

  • Zebrafish possess abundant NSCs in the adult brain, especially the telencephalon.
  • These NSCs exhibit significant neurogenic activity and contribute to neuronal regeneration.
  • The zebrafish model offers unique advantages for studying NSC biology.

Conclusions:

  • The adult zebrafish brain, particularly the pallium, is a valuable model for understanding NSC function.
  • Zebrafish NSCs are crucial for ongoing neurogenesis and repair mechanisms.
  • Further research in zebrafish will elucidate fundamental NSC properties and regenerative strategies.