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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

966
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
966
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

693
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
693
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

861
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
861

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2025

Tailoring In Vivo Cytotoxicity Assays to Study Immunodominance in Tumor-specific CD8+ T Cell Responses
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Anti-LAG-3 boosts CD8 T cell effector function.

Courtney T Kureshi1, Michael Dougan2, Stephanie K Dougan1

  • 1Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Cell
|August 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immune checkpoint blockade targeting Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) combined with PD-1 improves advanced melanoma survival. New research in mice and humans offers key insights into LAG-3

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Cancer Immunotherapy

Background:

  • Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is an emerging immune checkpoint target in cancer.
  • LAG-3 blockade alone shows limited efficacy in cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of LAG-3 in immune regulation.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of combining LAG-3 and PD-1 blockade in cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Preclinical studies using mouse models.
  • Analysis of a human clinical trial data.

Main Results:

  • Combination therapy of LAG-3 and PD-1 blockade significantly improves survival in advanced melanoma.
  • Studies provide novel insights into the immunoregulatory functions of LAG-3.

Conclusions:

  • LAG-3 is a promising therapeutic target, particularly in combination regimens.
  • Targeting LAG-3 alongside PD-1 enhances anti-tumor immune responses and clinical outcomes.