Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 17, 2025

Social Isolation Model: A Noninvasive Rodent Model of Stress and Anxiety
Published on: November 11, 2022
Generalized anxiety disorder in low-resourced adults: a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study across
Catherine K Ettman1, Salma M Abdalla2, Ruochen Wang2
1Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Abstract:
The burden of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) accrued disproportionately over the COVID-19 pandemic to low-resource populations. Using a longitudinal, nationally representative study of US adults, we used generalized estimating equations to estimate the burden of positive screen for GAD (GAD-7 score ≥ 10) over time. The final sample included 1270 adults at least 18 years old who completed the COVID-19 and Life Stressors Impact on Mental Health and Well-being (CLIMB) Study, with data collected in spring 2020, 2021, and 2022. The national prevalence of positive screen for GAD decreased from 24.4% in 2020 to 21.3% in 2022 (P < .05). Across the COVID-19 pandemic, factors associated with increased odds of positive screen for GAD were lower income (odds ratio (OR) = 2.06 [95% CI, 1.17-3.63] for ≤$19 999 relative to ≥$75 000), younger age (OR = 2.55 [95% CI, 1.67-3.89] for ages 18-39 years relative to ≥60 years), and having contracted COVID-19 (OR = 1.54 [95% CI, 1.12-2.14]). Experiencing stressors was associated with 14% increased odds of positive screen for GAD for each additional stressor. The 2020 stressors most strongly associated with positive screen for GAD in 2022 were job loss and difficulty paying rent. Efforts to address the stressors affecting groups with the highest burden of anxiety after the pandemic may help mitigate poor mental health exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Anxiety: Overview
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
Panic Disorder
Social Anxiety Disorder
Stress and Mental Health
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
General State of Stress
Specifically, consider a tetrahedral element where one face, labeled XYZ, is perpendicular to the line OA, and the remaining faces align with the coordinate axes with point O as the origin. At any point, such as point O, the stress tensor can be used to determine the stress...

