Enhanced tooth bleaching with a hydrogen peroxide/titanium dioxide gel.

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Dental Materials
• Nanotechnology in Dentistry

Background:

• Tooth bleaching efficacy is influenced by hydrogen peroxide (HP) formulations.
• Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles are explored for their potential in dental applications.
• Understanding the impact of TiO₂ concentration and particle size on bleaching is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the effect of varying TiO₂ concentrations and particle sizes in HP on tooth bleaching.
• To evaluate the impact of HP/TiO₂ gels on dental enamel surface properties.

Main Methods:

• HP/TiO₂ gels were prepared with different TiO₂ concentrations (1-5%) and particle sizes (20 nm, 100 nm).
• Dental specimens were treated with HP/TiO₂ gels, with control groups using HP alone (with/without LED).
• Bleaching effectiveness (ΔE₀₀, ΔWI_D) and enamel properties (microhardness, roughness, microstructure, composition) were assessed.

Main Results:

• TiO₂ concentration and particle size significantly influenced bleaching outcomes (ΔE₀₀ and ΔWI_D).
• The 1% TiO₂ (100 nm) group demonstrated the most significant color change (ΔE₀₀).
• Enamel surface microhardness, roughness, microstructure, and composition remained unaffected.

Conclusions:

• Incorporating 1% TiO₂ (100 nm) into HP is an effective tooth bleaching strategy.
• This approach achieves desirable aesthetic outcomes without compromising enamel integrity.
• Optimized TiO₂ nanoparticle characteristics can enhance dental bleaching protocols.