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Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) With COVID-19 and Kidney Involvement: Poor Outcomes in a Case

Nora S Alghamdi1, Lujain Aletani2, Ibrahim Sandokji3

  • 1Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Clinical Pediatrics
|August 10, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children (Mis-C) is a severe COVID-19 complication. This study highlights its high mortality rate and the critical need for prompt recognition and treatment in pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric critical care medicine
  • Infectious diseases
  • Pediatric rheumatology

Background:

  • Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children (Mis-C) emerged as a serious complication of SARS-CoV2 infection in May 2020.
  • Mis-C presents with multisystemic involvement, affecting respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of children diagnosed with Mis-C.
  • To emphasize the severity and potential lethality of Mis-C in the pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series of 6 pediatric patients admitted to tertiary care hospitals with Mis-C.
  • Clinical data including symptoms, comorbidities, laboratory findings (acidosis, acute kidney injury, electrolyte disturbances), imaging, and treatments were reviewed.

Main Results:

  • All 6 patients presented with respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms.
  • 5 out of 6 patients (83%) died during hospitalization.
  • Patients exhibited acidosis, acute kidney injury, electrolyte disturbances, coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia, and chest X-ray abnormalities.

Conclusions:

  • Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children is a rare but severe complication of SARS-CoV2 infection.
  • Prompt recognition and management of multisystem involvement are crucial for improving outcomes in pediatric Mis-C cases.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV2multisystemic inflammatory syndromepediatrics

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