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Fusarium Wilt of Coriander: Root Cause Analysis and Varietal Tolerance Development
David Chaimovitsh1, Tali Kahane-Achinoam1, Ohad Nuriel2,3
1Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Volcani Institute, Ramat-Yishay 30095, Israel.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 10, 2024
Summary
Fusarium wilt disease has devastated Israeli coriander crops since 2012. The study identified Fusarium oxysporum as the cause and found the
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Crop Science
- Genetics
Background:
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) growers in Israel face severe summer wilting since 2012.
- This wilting phenomenon can lead to complete crop loss in commercial fields.
Purpose of the Study:
- Identify the causal agent of coriander summer wilting.
- Discover a genetic solution for Fusarium wilt resistance in coriander.
Main Methods:
- Disease reproduction in growth chambers using naturally infested soil.
- Isolation and identification of the pathogen using Koch's postulates and sequence analysis of the EF1α gene.
- Screening of various coriander cultivars for resistance and tolerance.
Main Results:
- Fusarium oxysporum was confirmed as the pathogen, with sequence analysis showing 99.54% similarity to F. oxysporum f. sp. coriandrii.
- The coriander cultivar 'Smadi' exhibited high tolerance to Fusarium wilt across multiple experiments.
- In field trials, 'Smadi' demonstrated superior performance compared to the commercial cultivar 'Blair'.
Conclusions:
- 'Smadi' offers a viable solution for Israeli farmers affected by Fusarium wilt.
- Further research is needed to understand the tolerance mechanism and inheritance for breeding improved, late-bolting, Fusarium-resistant coriander varieties.
