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Compressive Failure Characteristics of 3D Four-Directional Braided Composites with Prefabricated Holes
Xin Wang1, Hanhua Li2, Yuxuan Zhang1
1Department of Engineering Mechanics, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 10, 2024
Summary
Three-dimensional four-directional (3D4d) braided composites show high damage tolerance. This study investigated their compressive properties and failure mechanisms with holes, finding larger braided angles enhance damage tolerance.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Mechanical Engineering
- Composite Materials
Background:
- Three-dimensional (3D) braided composites offer low delamination and high damage tolerance, making them suitable for defect-prone applications.
- Assessing the impact of defects, specifically holes, is crucial for optimizing the engineering potential of these advanced materials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the compressive properties and failure mechanisms of three-dimensional four-directional (3D4d) braided composites with prefabricated holes.
- To evaluate the influence of braiding angles and hole types on the damage tolerance and mechanical performance of 3D4d braided composites.
Main Methods:
- Experimental testing and finite element analysis were employed to study the composites.
- Digital image correlation (DIC) monitored surface strain, while scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterized internal failure modes.
- A macroscopic model was developed using general braided composite material prediction theory.
Main Results:
- The study established a predictive model for porous braided composites with reduced cost and controlled error (within 21%).
- Failure analysis revealed damage extension modes and confirmed that porous damage tolerance correlates with the braided material's bearing structure.
- Specimens with larger braiding angles exhibited superior porous damage tolerance, with strength loss decreasing from 38.21% (15°) to 8.1% (30°).
Conclusions:
- Braiding angle significantly impacts the bearing mode and enhances porous damage tolerance in 3D4d braided composites.
- The findings provide insights into the failure mechanisms and damage tolerance of defect-containing composites, guiding material design.
- Different prefabricated hole types also influence the mechanical properties and overall damage tolerance of the composites.
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