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Association of Sleep Patterns and Respiratory Disturbance Index with Physiological Parameters in Pediatric Patients
Jing-Yang Huang1,2, Pei-Lun Liao1,2, Hua-Pin Chang3
1Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
Insights
Sleep disturbances are common in children with short stature, with reduced sleep duration and increased respiratory disturbance index (RDI) linked to height and BMI. Monitoring sleep is crucial for understanding growth in pediatric endocrine patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Sleep Medicine
- Growth and Development
Background:
- Self-perceived short stature in children can be associated with various underlying physiological factors.
- Sleep patterns and respiratory disturbances may play a role in growth and development.
- Understanding these relationships is crucial for comprehensive patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the associations between sleep patterns, respiratory disturbance index (RDI), and physiological parameters (height, BMI, bone age, IGF-1) in children with short stature.
- To determine the impact of age and sleep quality on growth metrics in this population.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 238 children aged 6-16 years with self-perceived short stature.
- Non-invasive home monitoring of sleep patterns and RDI using a polygraphy-based system.
- Measurement of height, BMI, bone age, and IGF-1 levels for correlation analysis.
Main Results:
- Significant age-related reductions in total sleep duration and deep sleep duration were observed.
- The respiratory disturbance index (RDI) was significantly associated with body height.
- Deep sleep duration showed a significant association with body mass index (BMI).
Conclusions:
- Sleep disturbances, including reduced sleep duration and elevated RDI, are linked to impaired growth parameters in children with short stature.
- These findings highlight the importance of assessing sleep in pediatric endocrine patients to optimize growth outcomes.
- Further research into sleep interventions may improve developmental health in this cohort.
Objective:
To investigate the relationships of sleep patterns and respiratory disturbance index (RDI) with key physiological parameters (height, body mass index (BMI), bone age (BA), and IGF-1 levels) in children aged 6 to 16 years with self-perceived short stature.
Methods:
For this cross-sectional study, conducted from October 2019 to November 2021, 238 children aged 6 to 16 years with self-perceived short stature were enrolled. The primary outcomes of sleep patterns and the RDI were non-invasively collected at home using the LARGAN Health AI-Tech Sleep Apnea and Sleep Quality Examination System, which operates based on polygraphy. Additionally, various physiological parameters, including height, BMI, bone age, and IGF-1 levels, were measured to assess their associations with sleep patterns and RDI.
Results:
Significant age-related reductions were observed in both the total and deep sleep durations. Children aged 6-9 years averaged 8.5 ± 1.0 h of total sleep, which decreased to 8.1 ± 1.1 h in ages 10-11 and further to 7.5 ± 0.9 h in ages 12-16 (p < 0.0001). Deep sleep followed a similar pattern, decreasing from 4.4 ± 1.1 h in the youngest group to 3.3 ± 1.0 h in the oldest (p < 0.0001). Notably, girls experienced significantly longer deep sleep than boys, averaging 4.0 ± 1.2 h compared to 3.6 ± 1.2 h (p = 0.0153). In a multivariable regression analysis, age (beta = 4.89, p < 0.0001) and RDI (beta = -0.54, p = 0.0022) were significantly associated with body height. Age and deep sleep duration (beta = -0.02, p = 0.0371) were significantly associated with BMI.
Conclusions:
The results demonstrate significant age-related decreases in the total and deep sleep duration among children with self-perceived short stature, along with a notable association between RDI and body height and an association between deep sleep duration and BMI. These findings suggest that sleep disturbances in pediatric endocrine patients are intricately linked with physiological growth parameters. The identified correlations underline the importance of monitoring sleep patterns in this demographic to better understand the impact of endocrine disorders on developmental health. Further research is needed to explore interventions that could alleviate these sleep disturbances, thereby potentially improving outcomes for the affected children.
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