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Disulfide stress and its role in cardiovascular diseases

Shaoju Qian1, Guanyu Chen2, Ruixue Li3

  • 1School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Vaccine and Immunotherapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Xinxiang Engineering Technology Research Center of Immune Checkpoint Drug for Liver-Intestinal Tumors, Henan, 453003, China.

Redox Biology
|August 10, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Disulfide stress, an imbalance in cellular antioxidant systems, contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD) progression. Targeting this stress offers potential new therapies for heart conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cellular Biology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of human mortality.
  • Oxidative stress significantly contributes to CVD progression.
  • Disulfide stress, a specific oxidative stress, arises from antioxidant system imbalance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of disulfide stress in cardiovascular disease.
  • To explore the mechanisms by which disulfide stress impacts cellular function.
  • To identify potential therapeutic strategies for CVD targeting disulfide stress.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease.
  • Analysis of the molecular mechanisms of disulfide stress.
  • Examination of the link between disulfide stress and various CVDs.

Main Results:

  • Disulfide stress results from imbalanced glutaredoxin/thioredoxin systems, leading to disulfide bond accumulation.
  • It causes protein glutathionylation, abnormal disulfide bonds, and thiol oxidation.
  • Disulfide stress exacerbates oxidative stress and triggers inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis.

Conclusions:

  • Disulfide stress detrimentally affects atherosclerosis, hypertension, ischemia-reperfusion injury, diabetic cardiomyopathy, cardiac hypertrophy, and heart failure.
  • Understanding disulfide stress mechanisms is crucial for CVD treatment.
  • Therapeutic interventions targeting disulfide stress show promise for CVD management.

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseasesDisulfide stressGlutaredoxinGlutathionylationThioredoxin

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