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There are several methods to control power flow in power systems:
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The fast decoupled power flow method addresses contingencies in power system operations, such as generator outages or transmission line failures. This method provides quick power flow solutions, essential for real-time system adjustments. Fast decoupled power flow algorithms simplify the Jacobian matrix by neglecting certain elements, leading to two sets of decoupled equations:
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Power flow problem analysis is fundamental for determining real and reactive power flows in network components, such as transmission lines, transformers, and loads. The power system's single-line diagram provides data on the bus, transmission line, and transformer. Each bus k in the system is characterized by four key variables: voltage magnitude Vk​, phase angle δk​, real power Pk​, and reactive power Qk​. Two of these four variables are inputs, while the...
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Load-frequency control (LFC) is vital for maintaining power system stability, ensuring that frequency and power flows remain within acceptable limits during load changes. Turbine-governor control eliminates rotor accelerations and decelerations following load changes. However, a steady-state frequency error persists when the change in the turbine-governor reference setting is zero. In an interconnected power system, each area agrees to export or import a scheduled amount of power through...
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Proportional Integral (PI) controllers are a fundamental component in modern control systems, widely used to enhance performance and mitigate steady-state errors. They are particularly effective in applications such as automatic brightness adjustment on smartphones, where they excel at mitigating steady-state errors for step-function inputs. Unlike PD controllers, which require time-varying errors to function optimally, PI controllers leverage their integral component to address residual...
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In automotive engineering, car suspension systems often employ Proportional Derivative (PD) controllers to enhance performance. PD controllers are utilized to adjust the damping force in response to road conditions. A controller, acting as an amplifier with a constant gain, demonstrates proportional control, with output directly mirroring input.
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Nonlinear MPPT techniques to control hybrid power systems.

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Summary

This study introduces advanced synergetic control (SC) and sliding mode control (SMC) for grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems, significantly reducing power fluctuations and harmonic distortion for enhanced efficiency.

Keywords:
Maximum power point trackingMultifunctional voltage source inverterPhotovoltaic systemPredictive direct power controlShunt active power filterSliding mode controlSynergetic control

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Renewable Energy Systems
  • Control Theory

Background:

  • Grid-connected multifunctional photovoltaic (PV) systems are crucial for efficient energy integration.
  • Conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques face challenges in dynamic conditions.
  • Multifunctional voltage source inverters (MVSI) are key components in modern PV systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the performance of MPPT in PV systems using synergetic control (SC) and sliding mode control (SMC).
  • To improve the capabilities of a three-level MVSI for power quality enhancement.
  • To minimize energy fluctuations, correct power factors, and mitigate harmonic currents in the electrical distribution grid (DEG).

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of SC and SMC for MPPT in a DC-DC boost converter (DC-DC-BC).
  • Application of predictive direct power control with a phase-locked loop (PLL) technique to the MVSI.
  • System modeling and simulation using MATLAB for performance evaluation.

Main Results:

  • Significant reductions in active and reactive power fluctuations by 38.46% and 15.30%, respectively.
  • Total harmonic distortion (THD) of source current reduced by 31.88% after filtering under 1000 Wm2 solar irradiation.
  • A substantial 97.65% reduction in THD of current was observed before filtering.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed SC and SMC-based MPPT strategy offers superior performance in grid-connected PV systems.
  • The integrated MVSI effectively manages power quality issues, including fluctuations and harmonics.
  • The control techniques demonstrate robust and efficient operation for multifunctional PV systems.