Early detection of altered cold perception in elderly with type 2 diabetes using a novel Quantitative Sensory Testing...

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Diabetology
• Geriatrics

Background:

• Type 2 diabetes (T2 diabetes) is a prevalent condition in the elderly population.
• Diabetic neuropathy can lead to sensory deficits, impacting quality of life.
• Early detection of sensory changes is crucial for preventing complications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare two methods for measuring cold detection thresholds (CDT) in elderly individuals with T2 diabetes.
• To identify the most effective screening method for temperature-perception deficits prior to neuropathy development.

Main Methods:

• Cold threshold measurements were conducted on seven body regions in participants with T2 diabetes without neuropathy and healthy controls.
• Two protocols of the Levels Method were employed: one using skin temperature (CDT TSk) and another using a 40°C baseline (CDT 40).

Main Results:

• Subjects with T2 diabetes exhibited significantly higher cold detection thresholds compared to controls, particularly on the foot.
• The CDT 40 method demonstrated a significant Area Under Curve (0.69, p=0.002), indicating superior screening effectiveness.
• After age adjustment, the difference in CDT TSk between groups was no longer significant.

Conclusions:

• Measuring CDT on the foot using a 40°C baseline is a more effective screening tool for sensory alterations in elderly T2 diabetes patients before neuropathy onset.
• Selecting the appropriate CDT measurement method is vital for early identification of sensory changes, potentially minimizing complications and improving patient outcomes.