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The impact of approved anti-obesity medications on osteoarthritis

Onur Baser1,2,3, Katarzyna Rodchenko4, Elizabeth Vivier4

  • 1Department of Economics, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul, Turkiye.

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
|August 12, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Anti-obesity medications (AOMs) significantly lowered osteoarthritis risk by 27% in patients with obesity. Tirzepatide showed the lowest OA risk compared to semaglutide and liraglutide.

Area of Science:

  • Medical research
  • Pharmacology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Obesity is a major risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA).
  • Anti-obesity medications (AOMs) aid weight management but their OA impact is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between AOM use and OA risk in patients with obesity.
  • To compare OA risk across different AOMs: tirzepatide, semaglutide, and liraglutide.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study using claims data (Nov 2023 - Jan 2024) with 6-month follow-up.
  • Propensity score matching and Cox regression analyzed OA risk, controlling for covariates.
  • Included patients with obesity using AOMs (tirzepatide, semaglutide, liraglutide) versus non-users.

Main Results:

  • AOM users had a 27% lower adjusted OA risk (HR=0.73) than non-users (p<0.01).
  • Tirzepatide was linked to significantly lower OA risk versus semaglutide (HR=0.57, p<0.0001).
  • Liraglutide showed higher OA risk compared to tirzepatide (HR=1.63, p=0.0007).

Conclusions:

  • AOM use is associated with a reduced risk of developing osteoarthritis.
  • AOMs may serve as an effective intervention for obesity management, potentially mitigating OA risk.
Keywords:
Obesityanti-obesity medications (AOMs)liraglutideosteoarthritisretrospective cohort studysemaglutidetirzepatideweight management

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