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Nivolumab-Induced Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Case Report
Drake Giese1, Ali Elkhedr2, Geethu Jnaneswaran2
1Orthopedics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA.
Cureus
|August 12, 2024
Summary
Nivolumab therapy can rarely cause diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a serious condition. This case highlights the importance of monitoring for DKA in patients receiving nivolumab, especially those with prior adrenal issues.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
- Oncology
Background:
- Nivolumab, a monoclonal antibody, targets immune pathways for autoimmune diseases.
- Immunomodulatory agents like nivolumab can cause adverse events.
- Adrenal insufficiency is a known side effect of nivolumab.
Observation:
- A patient with nivolumab-induced adrenal insufficiency developed diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
- The patient received 12 cycles of nivolumab therapy.
- Symptoms included hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, and ketosis.
Findings:
- This case report details a rare instance of nivolumab-induced DKA.
- DKA occurred in a patient with a history of adrenal insufficiency.
- The patient presented with classic DKA symptoms.
Implications:
- Prompt recognition and management of nivolumab-induced DKA are critical.
- Monitoring for DKA is essential in patients undergoing nivolumab treatment.
- Understanding rare side effects ensures patient safety and effective treatment strategies.
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