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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents

548
Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
548
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

406
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
406
Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers

326
β-adrenergic antagonists, commonly known as β-blockers, block the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (ADR). They have several beneficial effects in heart failure treatment. They reduce heart rate, the force of contraction, and cardiac muscle relaxation. They also slow the atrial-ventricular conduction rate and raise the threshold for arrhythmias. The concentration of β-blockers determines their effects on bronchodilation,...
326
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

1.5K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.5K
Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance01:29

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance

623
Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...
623
Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

353
Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
353

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2025

Evaluation of Cardiac Contractility Modulation Therapy in 2D Human Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes
08:47

Evaluation of Cardiac Contractility Modulation Therapy in 2D Human Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes

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Cardiac Contractility Modulation for Heart Failure: Current and Future Directions.

Daniel C Pipilas1,2, Alan Hanley1,2,3, Jagmeet P Singh1,2,3

  • 1Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions
|August 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is an FDA-approved therapy for heart failure. This device therapy enhances heart contractions, improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

Keywords:
cardiac contractility modulationcardiac devicescardiomyopathyelectrophysiologyheart failure

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Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
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Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2025

Evaluation of Cardiac Contractility Modulation Therapy in 2D Human Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes
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Evaluation of Cardiac Contractility Modulation Therapy in 2D Human Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes

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Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Heart Failure Management

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) is a significant clinical challenge.
  • Current HF therapies have limitations.
  • Device-based therapies offer novel treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biological basis of Cardiac Contractility Modulation (CCM).
  • To discuss the indications and evidence supporting CCM therapy.
  • To explore future applications of CCM technology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on CCM therapy.
  • Analysis of cellular mechanisms and clinical trial data.
  • Discussion of device-specific parameters and patient selection.

Main Results:

  • CCM therapy is FDA-approved for specific heart failure patients.
  • The system uses electric stimulation during the refractory period to augment contractility.
  • CCM demonstrates improvements in quality of life, functional capacity, and reduces adverse cardiovascular events.

Conclusions:

  • CCM offers a promising device-based therapeutic option for heart failure.
  • The therapy induces favorable myocardial remodeling through cellular changes.
  • Further research will expand the role of CCM in cardiovascular medicine.