Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 17, 2025

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
Published on: February 15, 2016
Crystal Structure Landscape of Diarylethene-Based Crystalline Solids: A Comprehensive CSD Analysis
Xiaotong Zhang1, Travis B Mitchell1, Jason B Benedict1
1Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States.
Diarylethenes (DAEs) are light-responsive molecules. Analyzing 1349 DAE structures revealed diverse geometries, aiding understanding of their crystal landscape and photoactivity, despite isomer complexities.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Organic Chemistry
- Crystallography
Background:
- Diarylethenes (DAEs) are stimulus-responsive organic molecules known for photo-induced electrocyclization.
- The presence of atropisomers, where only one isomer is photoactive, complicates the rational design of DAE-based crystalline materials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the crystal structure landscape of diarylethenes (DAEs).
- To investigate the relationship between chemical/geometric attributes and observed isomers/reactivity in DAE crystalline materials.
Main Methods:
- Data mining of the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) to identify 1349 unique DAE structures.
- Analysis of 1078 dithienylethene (DTE) structures, a major subgroup of DAEs.
- Utilizing D-D parameterization to explore molecular geometries and crystal packing.
Main Results:
- A vast array of molecular geometries was observed in the DAE crystal structures.
- The study linked specific chemical and geometric parameters to observed isomers and their reactivity.
- Potential biases within the analyzed DAE ensemble complicate definitive causal relationship determination.
Conclusions:
- This comprehensive retrospective analysis provides a foundational understanding of the DAE crystal landscape.
- The findings are crucial for advancing the design and application of photoactive DAE materials.
- Further research is needed to overcome biases and establish clearer structure-reactivity relationships.
Related Concept Videos
Structures of Solids
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
Ionic Crystal Structures
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Structure of Conjugated Dienes
Conjugated dienes are compounds characterized by the presence of alternating double and single bonds. In a conjugated system like 1,3-butadiene, the unhybridized 2p orbital on each carbon overlaps continuously, allowing the π electrons to be delocalized across the entire molecule. In contrast, this type of overlap does not occur in cumulated and isolated dienes, such as 2,3-pentadiene and 1,4-pentadiene, respectively. Instead, the π electrons remain localized between the double...
Metallic Solids
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....

