Fluorescein Angiography Parameters in Premature Neonates

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Neonatology
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a significant cause of vision impairment in premature infants.
• Fluorescein angiography (FA) is a key diagnostic tool for evaluating ROP, but its parameters in neonates are not well-established.
• Understanding FA timing in this population is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the specific parameters of fluorescein angiography (FA) observed in premature neonates diagnosed with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
• To analyze the timing of choroidal flush, retinal, and recirculation phases during FA in this patient group.
• To document any complications associated with FA in preterm infants with ROP.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective case series design was employed, analyzing FA images from 64 eyes of 43 premature infants with ROP.
• Images were acquired using Retcam, and data on gestational age, birth weight, age at imaging, and treatment were collected.
• FA images were analyzed focusing on the onset and duration of distinct angiographic phases (choroidal flush, retinal, recirculation).

Main Results:

• The mean gestational age and birth weight were 24.4 weeks and 607.8 g, respectively.
• Angiographic phases showed variability: choroidal flush at 12.2s, retinal phase at 11.96s, and recirculation completion at 2.15 minutes.
• No allergic reactions or local injection site complications were observed following fluorescein administration.

Conclusions:

• The timing of angiographic phases observed during FA in preterm infants with ROP is variable.
• These phases may occur earlier than the established reference times typically seen in adult patients.
• FA appears to be a safe procedure in this vulnerable population, with no reported adverse events.