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Updated: Jun 17, 2025
06:27
Accelerated Type 1 Diabetes Induction in Mice by Adoptive Transfer of Diabetogenic CD4+ T Cells
Published on: May 6, 2013
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The Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes.
Kevan C Herold1, Jeffrey P Krischer2
1Departments of Immunobiology and Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, USA Kevan.herold@yale.edu.
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine
|August 12, 2024
Summary
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease. Early interventions, like teplizumab, can now delay T1D diagnosis by targeting immune responses.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
- Autoimmune Diseases
Background:
- Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune condition characterized by beta-cell destruction.
- Genetic predisposition and environmental factors contribute to T1D pathogenesis.
- Increasing T1D incidence may be linked to reduced infection exposure (hygiene hypothesis).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the stages of T1D progression.
- To discuss the role of immunologic and metabolic markers in disease staging.
- To highlight therapeutic interventions for modulating T1D progression.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on T1D pathogenesis and progression.
- Analysis of immunologic markers (autoantibodies) and metabolic markers (glucose tolerance).
- Examination of therapeutic strategies targeting T1D development.
Main Results:
- T1D progresses through defined stages based on immune and metabolic markers.
- Current staging methods offer a general risk assessment but lack precision in predicting diagnosis time and disease activity.
- Teplizumab, an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, is approved for delaying T1D diagnosis.
Conclusions:
- Understanding T1D progression stages aids in identifying at-risk individuals.
- Interventions like teplizumab offer a new approach to modulate T1D onset.
- Further research is needed to refine staging and develop more targeted therapies.
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