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Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

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Tailoring biomaterials for vaccine delivery.

Yanling Zhuo1, Huanxuan Zeng2, Chunyu Su1,3

  • 1College of Intelligent Agriculture, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China.

Journal of Nanobiotechnology
|August 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Biomaterials enhance vaccine delivery by protecting immunogens and acting as adjuvants. This review explores various biomaterial types and their role in developing effective vaccines for diseases like cancer and COVID-19.

Keywords:
BiomaterialsDrug deliveryVaccine adjuvantVaccine delivery

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Biomaterials are crucial for advanced biomedical applications, offering protective and stabilizing properties for immunogens.
  • Biomaterial-based vaccine delivery systems facilitate sustained and localized release, enhancing therapeutic responses.
  • These systems can act as adjuvants, significantly boosting vaccine efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the role of biomaterials in advancing vaccine development.
  • To categorize biomaterial types, properties, and delivery systems.
  • To explore biomaterial applications in vaccines for various infectious and non-infectious diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Categorization of biomaterial types and properties.
  • Analysis of reprocessing strategies and common delivery systems (nanoparticles, hydrogels, microneedles).
  • Investigation of physicochemical properties and delivery routes influencing immune responses.

Main Results:

  • Biomaterials offer robust packaging, controlled release, and adjuvant properties for vaccines.
  • Physicochemical properties and delivery routes significantly impact immune responses.
  • Successful applications demonstrated in vaccines for cancer, AIDS, influenza, COVID-19, tuberculosis, malaria, and hepatitis B.

Conclusions:

  • Biomaterials significantly enhance vaccine efficacy and delivery.
  • Design considerations for biomaterials as vaccine adjuvants are critical.
  • Further research into biomaterial applications holds promise for future vaccine development and immunotherapy.