Drug-Induced Angioedema Without Urticaria: A Case Report

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology
• Immunology
• Toxicology

Background:

• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly prescribed for pain and inflammation.
• Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with NSAIDs necessitate thorough understanding to mitigate risks.
• NSAID-induced angioedema, though infrequent, presents a significant, potentially fatal complication.

Observation:

• NSAID-induced angioedema pathogenesis involves increased leukotriene production via cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway inhibition.
• Mast cell and basophil degranulation are key mechanisms in the development of this reaction.
• A specific case involving diclofenac-induced angioedema highlights the need for clinical vigilance.

Findings:

• The case report details angioedema resulting from diclofenac administration.
• This adverse drug reaction underscores the critical role of COX inhibition in leukotriene-mediated swelling.
• The pathophysiology involves inflammatory mediators released from mast cells and basophils.

Implications:

• Prompt identification and discontinuation of the offending NSAID are crucial for patient safety.
• Administration of corticosteroids and antihistamines is essential for managing NSAID-induced angioedema.
• This case emphasizes the importance of rapid therapeutic intervention and vigilance in clinical practice.