Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy01:21

Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy

2.0K
Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
2.0K
Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation02:36

Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

4.5K
Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...
4.5K
Formation of Muscle Fibers from Myoblasts01:13

Formation of Muscle Fibers from Myoblasts

4.8K
De novo myogenesis, or the formation of muscle fibers, begins during the early embryonic stages. The skeletal muscle is formed from somites– blocks of embryonic cell layers. The somites are further divided into dermatomes, myotomes, sclerotomes, and syndetomes. Among these, the myotomes give rise to muscle fibers.
Muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) are formed from the myotomes. MPCs express genes that encode the transcription factors Pax3 and Pax7. Along with Pax 3/7, other transcription...
4.8K
Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles01:13

Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles

13.3K
Skeletal muscle cells, also called muscle fibers, are distinctly elongated, multi-nucleated, slender biological units. They are packed with specialized structures designed to facilitate their primary function, which is contraction.
The muscle sarcolemma is a plasma membrane enclosing each muscle cell that conducts electrical signals called action potentials. The sarcolemma extends into the cell to form T-tubules, ensuring the neural impulses are uniformly distributed across the entire muscle...
13.3K
Overview of Skeletal Muscle01:15

Overview of Skeletal Muscle

11.7K
Skeletal muscles are composed of a bundle of muscle fibers and are attached to bones through tendons. Each skeletal muscle fiber is a single muscle cell. The sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell, consists of a lipid bilayer and glycocalyx that supports muscle fibers. The sarcolemma extends into the muscle cells to form tubular structures called transverse or T-tubules. Each side of the T-tubules consists of a membrane-bound structure called the sarcoplasmic reticulum,...
11.7K
Cross-bridge Cycle01:26

Cross-bridge Cycle

117.2K
As muscle contracts, the overlap between the thin and thick filaments increases, decreasing the length of the sarcomere—the contractile unit of the muscle—using energy in the form of ATP. At the molecular level, this is a cyclic, multistep process that involves binding and hydrolysis of ATP, and movement of actin by myosin.
117.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Transient MYC Mimicking the Exercise Response Orchestrates Multifaceted Skeletal Muscle Adaptations.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Exercise-associated microbial metabolites prevent skeletal muscle atrophy in adult female mice.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Nutritional and biological insights into natural α-glycerylphosphoryl derivatives (α-NGPs): a comprehensive review of α-GPA, α-GPC, α-GPE, α-GPI, and α-GPS.

Critical reviews in food science and nutrition·2026
Same author

<math><semantics><msub><mover><mi>V</mi> <mo>̇</mo></mover> <msub><mi>O</mi> <mrow><mn>2</mn> <mi>max</mi></mrow></msub></msub> <annotation>$\dot V_{\rm{O_{2max}}}$</annotation></semantics></math> -based all-out aerobic exercise attenuates hexosamine biosynthetic pathway activity: Metabolomic insights in mice model.

Experimental physiology·2026
Same author

microRNA-1: A Master Regulator of Metabolism Governing Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy.

Exercise and sport sciences reviews·2026
Same author

Discovery and synthesis of flueggeacosines D-F and securingine J.

Nature communications·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2025

Analyzing Satellite Cell Function During Skeletal Muscle Regeneration by Cardiotoxin Injury and Injection of Self-delivering siRNA In Vivo
06:37

Analyzing Satellite Cell Function During Skeletal Muscle Regeneration by Cardiotoxin Injury and Injection of Self-delivering siRNA In Vivo

Published on: September 18, 2019

14.8K

Satellite cell dynamics during skeletal muscle hypertrophy.

Tolulope P Saliu1,2, Jensen Goh1,2, Gyumin Kang1,2,3

  • 1Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, U.S.A.

Biochemical Society Transactions
|August 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs) divide symmetrically or asymmetrically to maintain and repair tissue. A novel division-independent differentiation process under hypertrophy was also observed.

Keywords:
differentiationdivision patternsdivision-independent differentiationhypertrophymuscle stem cellsproliferation

More Related Videos

Isolation and Characterization of Satellite Cells from Rat Head Branchiomeric Muscles
07:37

Isolation and Characterization of Satellite Cells from Rat Head Branchiomeric Muscles

Published on: July 20, 2015

11.0K
Identification of Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells by Immunofluorescence with Pax7 and Laminin Antibodies
07:18

Identification of Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells by Immunofluorescence with Pax7 and Laminin Antibodies

Published on: April 19, 2018

21.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2025

Analyzing Satellite Cell Function During Skeletal Muscle Regeneration by Cardiotoxin Injury and Injection of Self-delivering siRNA In Vivo
06:37

Analyzing Satellite Cell Function During Skeletal Muscle Regeneration by Cardiotoxin Injury and Injection of Self-delivering siRNA In Vivo

Published on: September 18, 2019

14.8K
Isolation and Characterization of Satellite Cells from Rat Head Branchiomeric Muscles
07:37

Isolation and Characterization of Satellite Cells from Rat Head Branchiomeric Muscles

Published on: July 20, 2015

11.0K
Identification of Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells by Immunofluorescence with Pax7 and Laminin Antibodies
07:18

Identification of Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells by Immunofluorescence with Pax7 and Laminin Antibodies

Published on: April 19, 2018

21.1K

Area of Science:

  • Muscle stem cell biology
  • Skeletal muscle physiology
  • Cellular differentiation mechanisms

Background:

  • Skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are essential for muscle maintenance and repair.
  • MuSC activation leads to symmetric or asymmetric cell divisions, influencing cell fate.
  • Understanding MuSC division dynamics is critical for regenerative medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the dynamics of MuSC division and its molecular regulation.
  • To introduce and discuss division-independent differentiation in MuSCs.
  • To explore the implications of these processes for muscle physiology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of MuSC behavior and molecular mechanisms.
  • Analysis of existing data on MuSC division modes.
  • Discussion of novel findings on division-independent differentiation.

Main Results:

  • MuSCs exhibit distinct symmetric and asymmetric division patterns.
  • Molecular mechanisms governing these division modes are complex.
  • A novel phenomenon of division-independent differentiation in a subset of MuSCs under hypertrophic stimuli is identified.

Conclusions:

  • MuSC division is a highly regulated process crucial for muscle homeostasis.
  • Division-independent differentiation represents a new paradigm in muscle stem cell response.
  • Further research into these mechanisms can inform therapeutic strategies for muscle disorders.