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Author Spotlight: Assessing the Cardiovascular Profile of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
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Social Risk Profile and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome in US Adults.

Jingkuo Li1, Lubi Lei1, Wei Wang1,2

  • 1National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China.

Journal of the American Heart Association
|August 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Social disadvantage, measured by social risk profile (SRP) scores, significantly increases the likelihood of developing cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) multimorbidity in US adults. Lower SRP scores correlate with higher odds of CKM stages.

Keywords:
cardiovascular‐kidney‐metabolic healthcross‐sectional studymultimorbiditysocioeconomic factors

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Social Epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Disease Research

Background:

  • Poor cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) health contributes to premature mortality and morbidity in the US.
  • Adverse social conditions significantly impact cardiometabolic diseases throughout the life course.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between social risk profile (SRP) and CKM multimorbidity among US adults.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (1999-2018) for 18,373 US adults (aged 20-79).
  • Defined CKM syndrome as coexisting cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and metabolic disorders, staged by clinical severity.
  • Calculated SRP scores based on employment, income, food security, education, insurance, homeownership, and marital status, categorized into four levels.

Main Results:

  • A low SRP score (0-2) was associated with increased odds of CKM stage 1 (OR 1.34), stage 2 (OR 2.03), stage 3 (OR 5.28), and stage 4 (OR 5.97) compared to a high SRP score (7-8).
  • Most individual SRP measures and the combined SRP score showed associations with CKM stages.

Conclusions:

  • Cumulative social disadvantage, indicated by higher SRP burden, is independently associated with increased odds of CKM multimorbidity.
  • Findings highlight the significant role of social determinants in CKM health outcomes.