Cell-to-cell signaling in cell populations with large cell size variability

Sizes of multiple cells vary when they communicate with each other. Differences in cell size result in variations in the cell surface area and volume, as well as the number of enzymes and receptors involved in signal transduction. Although heterogeneity in cell size may inhibit uniformity in signaling, cell-to-cell signaling is still possible. The outcome when cell size changes to an extreme degree remains unclear. Hence, we inhibited cell division in Dictyostelium cells, a model organism for signal transduction, to gain insights into the consequences of extreme cell size variations. Measurements of cell signals in this population using fluorescence microscopy indicated that the giant cells can communicate with normal-sized cells by suppressing the signal level. Simulations of signal transduction based on the FitzHugh-Nagumo model also suggested similar results. Our findings suggest that signaling mechanism homogenizes cell-to-cell signaling in response to cell size.