Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 17, 2025

Studying the Neural Basis of Adaptive Locomotor Behavior in Insects
Published on: April 13, 2011
Energy store & release facilitating movement in stick & slip friction, animal jump, and earthquake
1Duke University, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Durham, NC, 27708-0300, USA. prof.bejan@gmail.com.
Abstract:
Nature abounds in examples of evolutionary designs (bio and non-bio) that evolve freely into configurations that provide easier and greater access for movement. The present article considers three seemingly unrelated phenomena that appear to obstruct flow: stick-slip friction, animal jump, and earthquake. The analysis is based on simple models of rhythmic energy store & release motion. In each case, the rhythm is the sole degree of freedom. The analyses show that stick-slip friction facilitates movement because the coefficient of static friction is greater than the coefficient of sliding friction. Next, all forms of animal locomotion under gravity consist of cycles of energy storage (jump to a height) and energy release (forward fall). The rhythm of the cycle is natural such that the forward advance of the animal is economical. Finally, the onset of the earthquake is modeled the same way, as shear stresses at the rock-on-rock interface, which are matched by bending stresses in the bent 'blades' of rock contained between fissures perpendicular to the interface. In sum, naturally evolved store & release rhythm facilitates the movement, contrary to the commonly held impression.
Related Concept Videos
Static and Kinetic Frictional Force
However, if two systems are in contact and are stationary relative to one...
Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion
Frictional Force
Kinetic Friction
Energy Diagrams - I
Take the example of a skater on a parabolic ramp. The potential energy at different points along the ramp will be proportional to the height of the ramp, which varies quadratically with the horizontal position on the ramp. As the skater moves down the ramp from the highest position,...
Non-conservative Forces
Also unlike their conservative counterparts, they are path-dependent; where the object starts and stops does matter. For example, a grinding wheel applies a...

