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Developmental correlation between hypothalamic somatostatin and hypophysial growth hormone.

D S Gross, J D Longer

    Cell and Tissue Research
    |November 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Growth hormone (GH) appears in the mouse pituitary by 16 days of gestation, while somatostatin is detected in the median eminence by 19 days. This study maps the early development of these key neuroendocrine hormones in fetal mice.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroendocrinology
    • Developmental Biology
    • Immunocytochemistry

    Background:

    • The development of neuroendocrine control systems is crucial for fetal development.
    • Understanding the temporal appearance of hormones like growth hormone (GH) and somatostatin is key to understanding their regulatory roles.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the gestational age of first detection for GH in the pituitary and somatostatin in the median eminence in mice.
    • To correlate the developmental timelines of these two hormones throughout mouse gestation.

    Main Methods:

    • Immunocytochemistry using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) technique.
    • Analysis of mouse pituitaries and median eminences at 15-19 days of gestation.

    Main Results:

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    • Somatotropes producing GH were first detected at 16 days of gestation, becoming prominent by 17 days and increasing in number and intensity by 19 days.
    • Somatostatin was consistently observed in the median eminence from 19 days of gestation onwards.
    • GH-producing cells were ovoid and distributed throughout the pars distalis, often near capillaries.

    Conclusions:

    • The potential for neuroendocrine control of GH secretion is established by the end of fetal development in mice.
    • The findings provide a temporal framework for understanding the interaction between hypothalamic somatostatin and pituitary GH during fetal development.