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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2025

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Aging in isolation: Sexual orientation differences in navigating cognitive decline.

Nathaniel M Tran1,2,3, Tara McKay1,2,4, Gilbert Gonzales1,2,4

  • 1Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University, United States.

SSM - Population Health
|August 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sexual minority (SM) individuals experience higher rates of cognitive decline and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) impairments. SM women face significant unmet needs for social support, highlighting disparities in care for LGBTQ+ populations.

Keywords:
AgingLong term supports and servicesSexual orientationSubjective cognitive decline

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) impacts daily living and independence, often necessitating informal care.
  • Sexual minority (SM) populations may face unique challenges contributing to disparities in cognitive health and care access.
  • Discrimination and structural inequities can exacerbate health and social support differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the prevalence and severity of SCD and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) impairments between sexual minority and heterosexual individuals.
  • To assess differences in social support receipt for IADL impairments based on sexual identity and sex.
  • To identify disparities in care and support needs within the sexual minority population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study analyzed data from 172,047 participants in the 2015-2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.
  • Prevalence estimates and multivariable Poisson regression models were employed to compare outcomes stratified by sex and sexual identity.
  • Adjusted models controlled for potential confounding factors to isolate the impact of sexual orientation on cognitive decline and social support.

Main Results:

  • Sexual minority men and women reported higher prevalence of cognitive decline compared to heterosexual peers.
  • SM women were significantly more likely to experience IADL impairments due to cognitive decline and less likely to receive social support.
  • SM men also showed increased likelihood of IADL impairments but no significant difference in social support receipt compared to heterosexual men.

Conclusions:

  • Significant unmet needs for social support exist for IADL impairments, particularly among SM women.
  • LGBTQ+-affirming assisted living and community-based services are crucial for ensuring equitable long-term support for SM populations.
  • Addressing systemic inequities is essential to improve cognitive health outcomes and social support access for sexual minorities.