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Cochrane systematic reviews in orthodontics: trends across updates
Samuel Reeves1, Kishan Patel1, Krupali Mukeshkumar2
1Orthodontic Department, Kings College Dental Institute, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom.
European Journal of Orthodontics
|August 14, 2024
Summary
Systematic reviews in orthodontics are often updated without new evidence, and when new studies are added, they frequently have a high risk of bias. Improving research quality is crucial for efficient evidence-based practice.
Area of Science:
- Evidence-based dentistry
- Research methodology
- Systematic reviews
Background:
- Systematic reviews (SR) require regular updates to incorporate new evidence.
- Updating SR is resource-intensive, necessitating prioritization of high-quality research.
- Assessing trends in evidence quantity, quality, and recency for orthodontic SR updates is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the trends in the quantity, quality, and recency of evidence included in updates of orthodontic systematic reviews.
- To identify factors influencing the risk of bias in trials included in orthodontic systematic reviews.
Main Methods:
- Identified orthodontic systematic reviews with multiple versions from the Cochrane Database.
- Recorded the number, risk of bias, and publication year of trials for each review update.
- Employed multivariate regression to analyze factors affecting trial risk of bias and its proportion within SR.
Main Results:
- Analyzed 45 systematic reviews with updates; the number of trials per review increased over time.
- 15.6% of reviews contained no evidence, and 40.74% of updates added no new evidence.
- Over half (57.3%) of primary research had a high risk of bias, with marginal improvement across updates; trial age, not publication year, impacted low risk-of-bias proportions.
Conclusions:
- Orthodontic systematic reviews are frequently updated without incorporating new evidence.
- Newly included evidence in systematic reviews often carries a high risk of bias.
- Strategic interventions are needed to enhance research quality and optimize resource allocation for systematic reviews.
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