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Ion Exchange

Ion Exchange

Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Microfluidic Buffer Exchange for Interference-free Micro/Nanoparticle Cell Engineering

Microfluidic Buffer Exchange for Interference-free Micro/Nanoparticle Cell Engineering

Published on: July 10, 2016

Multiplexed Nanoscopy via Buffer Exchange.

Ting-Jui Ben Chang^1,2,3,4, T Tony Yang^1,2

¹Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.

|August 15, 2024

Summary

Buffer-exchange stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (beSTORM) enables multicolor imaging by differentiating single molecules through photoblinking responses. This advance allows for precise spatial mapping of multiple proteins in biological systems.

Keywords:

(d)STORM SMLM expansion microscopy (ExM)multicolor multiplexed imaging superresolution microscopy

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Last Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Microfluidic Buffer Exchange for Interference-free Micro/Nanoparticle Cell Engineering

Microfluidic Buffer Exchange for Interference-free Micro/Nanoparticle Cell Engineering

Published on: July 10, 2016

Microfluidic Platform with Multiplexed Electronic Detection for Spatial Tracking of Particles

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Published on: March 13, 2017

Multiplexed Barcoding Image Analysis for Immunoprofiling and Spatial Mapping Characterization in the Single-Cell Analysis of Paraffin Tissue Samples

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Published on: April 7, 2023

Area of Science:

Cellular biology
Microscopy
Biophysics

Background:

Multitarget single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) is crucial for understanding complex cellular functions.
Current SMLM methods face limitations in multiplexing due to color or lifetime encoding, cyclic staining, and optical complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a novel, simplified approach for multitarget SMLM.
To enhance fluorophore discrimination beyond spectral properties.
To enable high-resolution imaging of multiple molecular targets simultaneously.

Main Methods:

Development of buffer-exchange stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (beSTORM).
Utilizing distinguishable photoblinking responses of fluorophores under varying buffer conditions.
Integration with expansion microscopy (ExM) for enhanced resolution.

Main Results:

beSTORM successfully differentiates single molecules irrespective of spectral properties.
Achieved multitarget SMLM imaging with minimal crosstalk.
Resolved up to six proteins at the molecular level within a single emission color, without chromatic aberration, when combined with ExM.

Conclusions:

beSTORM offers a simple yet effective method for fluorophore discrimination.
Presents a highly compatible imaging platform for advanced nanoscopy.
Promises significant advancements in visualizing multiple biological targets with nanoscale precision.