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Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data

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Cortical microstructural abnormalities in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a gray matter-based spatial statistics

Xin-Yun Xiao¹, Jing-Yi Zeng¹, Yun-Bin Cao¹

¹Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.

Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery

|August 15, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) involves gray matter microstructural changes, particularly reduced neurite density index (NDI) and orientation dispersion index (ODI) in cortical regions. These changes correlate with disease severity, suggesting NODDI as a potential biomarker.

Keywords:

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)cortical microstructure gray matter-based spatial statistics (GBSS)neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI)neurodegeneration

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Neurology
Biomarkers

Background:

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by white matter abnormalities, but gray matter changes remain less understood.
Investigating cortical microstructural abnormalities is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of ALS pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate cortical microstructural abnormalities in ALS patients using advanced neuroimaging techniques.
To determine the association between these microstructural changes and ALS disease severity.

Main Methods:

Utilized diffusion-weighted imaging to estimate neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) parameters (NDI and ODI).
Employed gray matter-based spatial statistics (GBSS) for voxel-wise analysis of cortical microstructure.
Correlated NODDI parameters with ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) scores.

Main Results:

Significant reductions in NDI were observed in multiple cortical regions, including the precentral gyrus, temporal cortex, and prefrontal cortex.
ODI decreases were noted in specific areas like the precentral gyrus and inferior parietal lobule.
NDI in the left precentral and postcentral gyrus showed a positive correlation with ALS disease severity.

Conclusions:

Gray matter microstructural impairment, indicated by decreased NDI and ODI in both motor and extra-motor regions, is present in ALS.
NODDI parameters show promise as in vivo imaging biomarkers for assessing ALS disease progression.
GBSS is an effective method for detecting cortical microstructural abnormalities in ALS.